Description
Fragment 176-191 Peptide
Fragment 176-191 peptide, also known as HGH Fragment 176-191, or modified AOD-9604, has been suggested by researchers via laboratory studies that it may activate weight loss and fat burn in the body, as well as help to raise IGF-1 levels in test subjects. Growth Hormone (HGH), as the name implies, is essential to growth and development during development. HGH is also a key component that regulates several metabolic functions, including inducing a hyperglycemic state and maintaining body weight. (1) HGH deficiency is not uncommon, and given the various benefits of the hormone, scientists have developed several synthetic peptides intended to mitigate the deficiencies. These synthetic peptides are short analogs of the 191 amino acids containing growth hormone. One of these synthetic HGH peptides is Fragment 176-191, (2) which has been generally researched for its potential in weight management.
Overview
Fragment 176-191 is a synthetic peptide composed of amino acids 176-191, developed to function exactly as a Growth Hormone (HGH). Fragment 176-191 appears to induce effects similar to HGH by means of the same mechanism as the HGH.
The Fragment 176-191 peptide (Frag 176-191) was developed to be analogous to HGH, and appears to stimulate the anterior of the pituitary gland. This in turn may speed up the metabolism rate and potentially reproduce other actions analogous to HGH. As a result, the peptide may increase growth and development. Additionally, the recombinant growth hormone, Somatotropin, was developed to bind with the growth hormone receptors located in several other locations in various tissues, primarily the liver. Once the rhGH binds with the receptors, it appears to stimulate the production of the insulin-like growth factors called IGF-1 and IGF-2. (3) As a result of the increased IGF factors, the peptide may induce glucose homeostasis and high metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. Below are the primary potentials researchers have posited for the peptide: (3)
- Potential increase in growth rate
- Potential increase in metabolism rate
- Possible reduction in insulin sensitivity
- Possible tissue repair properties
Research and Clinical Studies
Fragment 176-191 Peptide and Growth Hormone Deficiency
Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) typically leads to poor height development over the years, weight preservation and prolonged bone age. Over the years, several studies (5) have been conducted where GHD subjects were presented with the synthetic peptide in varied concentrations to understand its action and potential. Each study had specific prerequisites including short height, criteria for bone age and growth velocity. Subjects meeting these criteria were approved for study. The reported outcome of the research was that the peptide yielded potential growth improvements in subjects. (5)
Fragment 176-191 Peptide and Hyperglycemic Properties
In one study, (6) several synthetic HGH peptides including Fragment 176-191 were presented in normal functioning rats to determine its potential on glycogen metabolism. Upon delivery, it was reported that the peptide appeared to induce slight increment in levels of blood glucose and lactate, with a slight reduction in the ratio of glycogen synthase in muscle, adipose tissues and in liver. It was suggested that this outcome was due to the peptide’s apparent action of converting the enzymes from their active state to their inactive state, as the synthase levels appeared to remain unaffected.
Fragment 176-191 Peptide and Diabetic Ulcerations
In this clinical study, (10) subjects with type I and II diabetes with known cases of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) were selected. The subjects were divided into two groups – the first was the control group given alginate dressing, and the other was the experimental group given both alginate dressing and the rhGH Fragment 176-191 peptide. The outcome of this study was debated amongst the researchers. While the peptide showed signs of potential in the subjects given both alginate dressing and Fragment 176-191, there also appeared to be some local symptoms such as pain, deep wounds, bodily secretions, and so on. The mechanism by which the peptide affects DFU is not fully known. Researchers posit that are three possible mechanisms – first, through promotion of cell proliferation and cell growth, second through immunomodulatory properties, and third through angiogenesis. The study proved inconclusive.
Fragment 176-191 peptide is available for research and laboratory purposes only. Please review and adhere to our Terms and Conditions before ordering.
References:
1. Brinkman JE, Tariq MA, Leavitt L, et al. Physiology, Growth Hormone. [Updated 2021 May 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482141/
2. National Center for Biotechnology Information (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 16131230, Somatotropin (176-191). Retrieved June 21, 2021. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Somatotropin-_176-191
3. Clinical info drug database. https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/drugs/somatropin/patient
4. Ayyar V. S. (2011). History of growth hormone therapy. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism, 15 Suppl 3(Suppl3), S162–S165. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.84852
5. Reh, C. S., & Geffner, M. E. (2010). Somatotropin in the treatment of growth hormone deficiency and Turner syndrome in pediatric patients: a review. Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications, 2, 111–122. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22291494/
6. G.Y.W. Ma et al, The mechanism of the hyperglycaemic action of synthetic peptides related to the C-terminal sequence of human growth hormone, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) – General Subjects, Volume 716, Issue 3, 1982, Pages 400-409, ISSN 0304-4165, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4165(82)90033-2
7. Laura A. et al, Growth hormone enhances thymic function in HIV 1-infected results, The Journal of Clinical investigation, 2008 Mar 3, 118(3): 1085-1098. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2248326/
8. Smith, Kimberly et al. “Treatment with recombinant growth hormone is associated with modest improvement in CD4 lymphocyte reconstitution in HIV-infected persons on antiretroviral therapy: results of ACTG A5174.” AIDS research and human retroviruses vol. 26,4 (2010): 425-32. doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0052. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2864047/
9. Plana, Montserrat et al. “The reconstitution of the thymus in immunosuppressed individuals restores CD4-specific cellular and humoral immune responses.” Immunology vol. 133,3 (2011): 318-28. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03442. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3112341/
10. Zhou, Deng-Rong et al. “The effectiveness and safety of recombinant human growth hormone combined with alginate dressing in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.” Medicine vol. 100,5 (2021): e23984. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000023984. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7870157/
11. Svensson J, Johannson G. Long-term efficacy and safety of somatropin for adult growth hormone deficiency. Treat Endocrinol. 2003;2(2):109-20. doi: 10.2165/00024677-200302020-00004. PMID: 15871547. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15871547/
12. Saugy, M et al. “Human growth hormone doping in sport.” British journal of sports medicine vol. 40 Suppl 1,Suppl 1 (2006): i35-9. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2006.027573. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2657499/
To get more review details, check out our recent HGH Fragment 176-191 blog post.
NOTE: These products are intended for laboratory research use only. Fragment 176-191 for sale is not for personal use. Please review our Terms and Conditions before ordering.
Dr. Marinov (MD, Ph.D.) is a researcher and chief assistant professor in Preventative Medicine & Public Health. Prior to his professorship, Dr. Marinov practiced preventative, evidence-based medicine with an emphasis on Nutrition and Dietetics. He is widely published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals and specializes in peptide therapy research.
