Description
Certificate of Analysis
High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Mass Spectrometry
AOD 9604 Peptide
AOD 9604 peptide is a synthetic analog of growth hormone designed with the intention of mitigating obesity and aiding weight loss. AOD 9604 peptide is a modified growth hormone where the last 15 amino acids (177-191) have been reproduced as a specific peptide, called GH Frag 177-191 or simply AOD 9604. It consists of amino acids 177-191 and a tyrosine residue to the C-terminus. (1)
Overview
AOD 9604 peptide was developed in the 1990s in an effort to develop proteins which might exhibit anti-obesity properties similar to Growth Hormone (hGH). Rigorous scientific studies and experiments have since been conducted to determine the potential action of AOD 9604 in increasing metabolism rate, lipolysis, and high plasma glycerol. AOD 9604 is the synthetic fragment of Growth Hormone (hGH) which has been researched for its potential to stimulate the pituitary gland to speed up metabolism rates and shed excess weight within a short frame of time. The AOD 9604 peptide appears to work by inducing lipolysis and anti-lipogenesis (inhibition of fat generation) via oxidation mechanism, which may be independent of hGH receptor. (1) As a result of widespread laboratory and research studies, the suggested properties of this peptide are summarized below:
- May induce fat loss
- May imitate the mechanism of the natural growth hormone in regulating metabolism
- May induce lipolysis and prevents lipogenesis
- May not impact lean muscle mass
- May not impact higher food intake
- May not induce changes to the insulin sensitivity or IGF-1 levels
- May host regenerative and cartilage repair properties, similar to the natural growth hormone
Scientists and researchers have suggested that the modified portion of the hGH in the AOD-9604 peptide may be responsible for significantly inducing the fat burning process, while possibly not stimulating the production of Insulin-like Growth Factor IGF 1, different than the natural growth hormone. Additionally, high levels of IGF 1 may cause damage to joints, heart, and liver, in addition to impacting the blood glucose levels.
Research and Clinical Studies
AOD 9604 Peptide and Lipolytic Activity
Early clinical studies were carried out on obese mice where the AOD 9604 peptide was chronically presented for 14 days. Following the experiment, the results reported reduction in body weight and excess fat. These results were directly correlated with the increased levels of major lipolytic receptors, ß3-AR, found in the fat cells. AOD 9604 peptide appeared to exhibit action similar to hGH where both are capable to increase the repressed levels of lipolytic receptors in obese mice as compared to the lean mice. To confirm whether the lipolytic action of AOD 9604 might merely be associated with the increased lipolytic receptor levels, additional studies were carried out where AOD 9604 was given to mice with knocked out lipolytic receptors. Further analysis suggested that the AOD 9604 peptide enacted the lipolytic action via increased energy expenditure and fat oxidation. (1) Both these findings on chronic and acute action of AOD 9604 suggested that while enhanced ß3-AR expression played a role in the chronic action of the compound, ß3-AR might not be the sole arbiter in this reaction. Oxidation and enhanced energy expenditure appeared to be vital in the proposed action of the peptide.
In 2000, a research study was carried out in obese Zucker rats where the AOD 9604 peptide was given daily for 19 consecutive days. Following the study, it was reported that the body weight appeared to be reduced in all rats by over 50% in comparison to the rats given a placebo. Further analysis suggested that the adipose tissues of the AOD 9604 peptide animals had increased lipolytic activity and with no insulin sensitivity interruption in the animals.
AOD 9604 Peptide and Obesity
In 2004, clinical trials observed the actions of the peptide in 300 obese subjects, who were given the peptide for a 12-week period. The rate of weight loss remained consistent throughout the study period. The trial results noted minor improvement exhibited in the subjects’ cholesterol profiles and glucose tolerance levels. (4)
AOD 9604 Peptide and Cell Regeneration
Additional research was conducted to study the regenerative potential of the peptide. In 2015, 32 white rabbits were divided into four groups of eight and each group was given a placebo, AOD 9604, hyaluronic acid, or a combination of both AOD 9604 and hyaluronic acid for a period of 4 to 7 weeks. After the study, these rabbits were assessed morphologically and histopathologically to determine the degree of cartilage degeneration. It was concluded that rabbits given the combination of AOD 9604 with hyaluronic acid apparently exhibited the least degeneration. Thus, it was suggested by the researchers that AOD 9604 might exhibit potential to enhance cartilage regeneration and cartilage repair in some capacity. (3) Multiple clinical studies have suggested that the peptide may significantly induce lipolysis and prevent lipogenesis by possibly mimicking natural hGH.
AOD 9604 is available for research and laboratory purposes only. Please review and adhere to our Terms and Conditions before ordering.
References:
1. Mark Heffernan, Roger J. Summers, Anne Thorburn, Esra Ogru, Robert Gianello, Woei-Jia Jiang, Frank M. Ng, The Effects of Human GH and Its Lipolytic Fragment (AOD 9604) on Lipid Metabolism Following Chronic Treatment in Obese Mice and β 3-AR Knock-Out Mice, Endocrinology, Volume 142, Issue 12, 1 December 2001, Pages 5182–5189. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11713213/
2. Frank M. Ng, J Sun et.al, Metabolic Studies of a Synthetic Lipolytic Domain (AOD 9604) of Human Growth Hormone, Hormone Research, February 2000.
3. Dong Rak Kwon and GI Young Park, Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model, Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science, Volume 45, July-August 2015.
4. News, Medical and Life Sciences, Obesity drug codenamed AOD 9604 highly successful in trials, 16 December 2004.
NOTE: These products are intended for laboratory research use only. AOD 9604 for sale is not intended for personal use. Please review and adhere to our Terms and Conditions before ordering.
Dr. Marinov (MD, Ph.D.) is a researcher and chief assistant professor in Preventative Medicine & Public Health. Prior to his professorship, Dr. Marinov practiced preventative, evidence-based medicine with an emphasis on Nutrition and Dietetics. He is widely published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals and specializes in peptide therapy research.
